________ is said to exist when the formation of a regional trading group leads to the reduction of trade with nonmember countries in favor of member countries ?
A. trade creation
B. trade diversion
C. trade exclusion
D. trade distortion
Criticisms against the North American Free Trade Agreement include all of the following except ?
A. wages in the United States will rise relative to Mexican wages
B. American jobs will be lost to workers in Mexico
C. The environment is not adequately protected by NAFTA
D. None of the above
A. relatively high; relatively large
B. relatively high; relatively small
C. relatively low ; relatively large
D. relatively low ; relatively small
A positive, dynamic effect of economic integration is illustrated by ?
A. trade diversion effect
B. increased monopoly power of firms
C. decrease customs costs
D. economy-of-scale effect
A. trade creation
B. trade diversion
C. trade exclusion
D. trade distortion
If A forms a customs union with C, the value of trade diversion will be ?
A. $0
B. $10,000
C. $20,000
D. $40,000