Which kind of undesirable factors are generated due to an acknowledgement process of transmission and reception of messages in any reliable service?

a. Overheads
b. Delays
c. Errors
d. Interference

Which are the major divisional categories of an Internet Link Technologies?

A. Within a campus

B. Wide Area Links

C. Dial-Up Access

D. All of the above

What does the virtual link service of Committed Information Rate (CIR) offered by the frame relay network convey?

A. Guarantee of a minimum bandwidth

B. Guarantee of a maximum bandwidth

C. Guarantee of packet switching along the pre-established path

D. Guarantee of encapsulating incoming packets in a frame relay header

Which among the below mentioned communication assets specifies an agreement of a common language used by the two computers for the purpose of exchanging messages?

A. Protocols

B. Packets

C. Routers

D. Datagrams

Which element of a protocol represents the meaning of each section of bits?

A. Syntax

B. Semantics

C. Timing

D. All of the above

Which standards are approved or recognized officially by an organization in terms of laws and regulations?

A. De facto

B. De jure

C. Both a & b

D. None of the above